SEO on page factors are- Title, content, headlines, keyword density, images etc.
On page SEO is perhaps the only form of SEO that search engines see as legitimate, it's mainly about making your content easily accessible by search engine spiders, using search keyword research to determine phrases that should be included in your content is part of the process of determining what is to be optimized.
Here's a Search Engine Optimization guide by an SEO authority, teaching the more legit ways to boost your ranking.
http://www.seomoz.org/beginners-guide-to...
On Page Factors - Title , Meta description,Keywords well defined micro segments,keyword optimize url, Use of header tag for keywords,alt in images and most important content.
apart from title keywords descriptions, you have to focus on robot.txt, htaccess file & sitemaps
